{"id":9397,"date":"2018-08-11T19:50:32","date_gmt":"2018-08-11T23:50:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/webdelmaestrocmf.com\/inicio\/?p=9397"},"modified":"2018-10-24T00:10:11","modified_gmt":"2018-10-24T03:10:11","slug":"5-cosas-extraordinarias-que-quizas-no-conocias-de-alexander-von-humboldt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webdelmaestrocmf.com\/portal\/5-cosas-extraordinarias-que-quizas-no-conocias-de-alexander-von-humboldt\/","title":{"rendered":"5 COSAS EXTRAORDINARIAS QUE QUIZ\u00c1S NO CONOC\u00cdAS DE ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Alexander Von Humboldt (1769-1859), naturalista y explorador alem\u00e1n, fue un vehemente estudioso de la bot\u00e1nica, la geolog\u00eda y la mineralog\u00eda. En 1799 recibi\u00f3 permiso para embarcarse rumbo a las colonias espa\u00f1olas de Am\u00e9rica del Sur y Centroam\u00e9rica. Recorri\u00f3 en cinco a\u00f1os casi diez mil kil\u00f3metros en Sudam\u00e9rica, por varios pa\u00edses de Am\u00e9rica Latina, apenas explorado y estudiado por cient\u00edficos de aquella \u00e9poca. Reuni\u00f3 material que luego orden\u00f3 y public\u00f3 con el nombre de \u201cVIAJE A LAS REGIONES EQUINOCCIALES DEL NUEVO CONTINENTE\u201d<\/strong>, en treinta vol\u00famenes.<\/h4>\n

<\/p>\n

El reciente libro \u00abLa invenci\u00f3n de la naturaleza. El nuevo mundo de Alexander von Humboldt\u201d, de Andrea Wulf, profesora del Royal College of Art de Londres, proporcion\u00f3 a Eva Sanchis, la informaci\u00f3n para escribir un art\u00edculo en BBC MUNDO<\/strong>, y darnos a conocer cinco importantes aportes de este explorador:<\/p>\n

1. PREDIJO EL CAMBIO CLIM\u00c1TICO CAUSADO POR LA ACCI\u00d3N DEL HOMBRE<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n

En su viaje por Venezuela en 1800, Humboldt vio \u201clos efectos negativos que las plantaciones coloniales ten\u00edan en el medio ambiente, en particular la agricultura comercial, el monocultivo, la irrigaci\u00f3n y la deforestaci\u00f3n, que convert\u00edan la tierra en est\u00e9ril; y observ\u00f3, que al desaparecer la maleza que sosten\u00eda el suelo, las lluvias torrenciales arrastraban la capa superficial, causando la erosi\u00f3n del suelo. Mientras, los niveles de agua en los lagos disminu\u00edan\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2. FUE EL PADRE DEL AMBIENTALISMO<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n

\u201cEn el r\u00edo Apure en Venezuela, el naturalista alem\u00e1n vio la devastaci\u00f3n causada por los espa\u00f1oles al tratar de controlar las inundaciones al construir una presa. Y a\u00fan m\u00e1s, cuando derribaron los \u00e1rboles en el lecho del r\u00edo que sosten\u00edan la tierra. [\u2026] y \u201chabla con pesar de que el humano llevar\u00e1 su ignorancia, prejuicios y violencia a otros planetas a los que viaje en el futuro, cuyo medio ambiente tambi\u00e9n destruir\u00e1\u00bb.<\/p>\n

3. PRONOSTIC\u00d3 QUE LA TIERRA ERA UN \u00abORGANISMO VIVO\u00bb:<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u201cFue el primer cient\u00edfico que abarc\u00f3 la biolog\u00eda como un todo, donde la naturaleza es \u00abuna red de vida\u00bb y la Tierra es un organismo vivo, anticipando la hip\u00f3tesis de Gaia que ha desarrollado en nuestro tiempo James Lovelock\u201d.<\/p>\n

4. FUE PRECURSOR DE LAS INFOGRAF\u00cdAS<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n

En el mapa Naturgem\u00e4lde, o mapa del Chimborazo, detallada su informaci\u00f3n sobre la flora que vive seg\u00fan la altura, cuya ilustraci\u00f3n fue publicada en 1807 y \u00ablo convirti\u00f3 en uno de los primeros cient\u00edficos en presentar informaci\u00f3n de manera visual, convirti\u00e9ndolo en precursor del uso de infograf\u00edas en la ciencia\u00bb, afirma la profesora inglesa .<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

5. INFLUY\u00d3 NOTABLEMENTE EN LA TEOR\u00cdA DE LA EVOLUCI\u00d3N<\/strong>:<\/h4>\n

\u00abEl mismo Charles Darwin dijo que nunca se hubiera embarcado en el Beagle si no hubiera existido el trabajo de Humboldt [\u2026] \u00abPor tanto, no hubiera podido escribir El origen de las especies\u00bb asegura Wulf.<\/p>\n

Es de destacar que entre los descubrimientos cient\u00edficos de Von Humboldt, tambi\u00e9n est\u00e1 el estudio de la corriente oce\u00e1nica de la costa oeste de Sudam\u00e9rica que lleva su nombre.<\/p>\n

REDACCI\u00d3N WEB DEL MAESTRO CMF<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Alexander Von Humboldt (1769-1859), naturalista y explorador alem\u00e1n, fue un vehemente estudioso de la bot\u00e1nica, la geolog\u00eda 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